Excretory products and their elimination dpp questions

 Human Excretory System Part 1 

1. Physiologically urea is produced by the action of an enzyme 

a. Uricase 

b. Urease 

c. Arginase 

d. None 

2. Glomeruli are mainly confined to 

a. Cortex 

b. Medulla 

c. Pelvis 

d. Pyramid 

3. Blood fraction remaining unchanged after circulation through kidney is 

a. Urea and uric acid 

b. Urea and proteins 

c. Urea and glucose 

d. Glucose and proteins 

4. The most important function of the mammalian kidney is the 

a. Control of reproduction 

b. Regulation of amount of protein in the blood 

c. Control of amount of protein in the blood 

d. Regulation of osmotic concentration of body fluid 

5. Which of these is not a general function of the kidney? 

a. Regulation of blood volume 

b. Regulation of vitamin-A synthesis 

c. Regulation of solute concentration in the blood 

d. Regulation of the PH of the extracellular fluid 

6. Kidney of a mammal resemble to the contractile vacuole of amoeba in expelling out  

a. Salts 

b. Glucose 

c. Excess water 

d. Urea and uric acid 

7. The position of kidney is 

a. Retroperitoneal 

b. Intraperitoneal 

c. Intraperitoneal 

d. None of these 

8. The two kidneys of man lie 

a. At the same level 

b. At the level of ovaries 

c. Left kidney at a higher level than the right one 

d. Right kidney at a higher level than the left one 

9. Which is not correct with respect to the human kidney? 

a. The peripheral region is called cortex and central medulla 

b. Malpighian corpuscles are present in the cortex region 

c. Blood leaves glomerulus through efferent venules 

d. The concave part of kidney is called hilum 

10. The appearance of albumin in the urine is most likely due to: 

a. Increase in blood pressure. 

b. Decrease in the blood osmotic corpuscles 

c. Damage to the Malpighian corpuscles. 

d. Damage to the proximal convoluted tubules.

Human Excretory System Part 2 

1. Bowman's capsule is lined by: 

a. Ciliated cuboidal epithelium 

b. Squamous epithelium 

c. Non-ciliated cuboidal epithelium 

d. Non-ciliated columnar epithelium 

2. Brush border epithelium is characteristic of: 

a. Neck of nephron 

b. Collecting tube 

c. Proximal convoluted tubule 

d. All of the above 

3. Bony fishes are: 

a. Ureotelic 

b. Uricotelic 

c. Aminotelic 

d. Ammonotelic 

4. Flame cells are excretory organs of: 

a. Prawn 

b. Planaria 

c. Silver Fish 

d. Hydra 

5. Glomerulus and Bowman's capsule constitute: 

a. Nephrotome 

b. Renal corpuscle 

c. Renal capsule 

d. Malpighian tubule 

6. The reason why the right kidney is slightly lower than the left is 

a. the left kidney is bigger than right 

b. considerable space occupied by the heart 

c. considerable space occupied by the liver on the right side 

d. the right kidney is bigger than the left 

7. This artery passes blood to the kidney 

a. common iliac 

b. cystic 

c. renal 

d. Coeliac 

8. This is the functional unit of the kidney 

a. Hilum 

b. Neurons 

c. Nephrons 

d. Medulla 

9. This substance cannot pass through semipermeable walls of glomerulus 

a. Globin 

b. Albumin 

c. Blood cells 

d. All of the above 

10. This pressure facilitates filtration while urine is being formed 

 a. filtrate hydrostatic pressure 

b. osmotic blood pressure 

c. capillary hydrostatic pressure 

d. all of these

Mechanism of Urine Formation

1. The reabsorption of glucose from the glomerular filtrate is due to 

(a) High osmotic pressure of filtrate 

(b) Passive diffusion 

(c) Secondary active transport across the walls of proximal convoluted part 

(d) Filtration pressure exerted on the fluids in the loop of Henle 

2. Blood fraction remaining unchanged after circulation through kidney is 

(a) Urea and uric acid 

(b) Urea and proteins 

(c) Urea and glucose 

(d) Glucose and proteins 

3. Which is not correct with respect to the human kidney? 

(a) The peripheral region is called cortex and central medulla 

(b) Malpighian corpuscles are present in the cortex region 

(c) Blood leaves glomerulus through efferent venules 

(d) The concave part of kidney is called hilum 

4. Malpighian body is constituted by 

(a) Glomerulus only 

(b) Glomerulus and efferent vessel 

(c) Glomerulus and afferent vessel 

(d) Glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule 

5. In a glomerulus, afferent 

(a) Arteriole has wider lumen than efferent arteriole 

(b) Arteriole has narrower lumen than efferent arteriole 

(c) Capillaries are thicker than efferent capillaries 

(d) Capillaries are thinner than efferent capillaries 

6. The liquid which is collected in the cavity of Bowman's capsule is 

a. Concentrated urine 

b. Blood plasma minus blood proteins 

c. Glycogen and water 

d. Sulphates and water 

7. Which one of the following substances is actively secreted into the glomerular filtrate of the kidney 

tubule 

a. Potassium ions 

b. Amino acids 

c. Sodium ions 

d. Chloride ions 

8. Due to insufficient filtration in the Bowman's capsule, all are likely to happen except 

a. Accumulation of fluid in the body 

b. Increase in blood pressure 

c. Increase in blood urea level 

d. Loss of glucose through urine 

9. Glomerular hydrostatic pressure is present in 

a. Tubule of kidney 

b. Bowman's capsule 

c. Glomerulus of uriniferous tubule d. Malpighian tubule 

10. Maximum reabsorption of useful substances back into the blood from the filtrate in a nephron occurs in 

a. Proximal convoluted tubule 

b. Loop of Henle 

c. Distal convoluted tubule 

d. Collecting duct

Regulation of Kidney Function

1.When a person is suffering from poor renal reabsorption then which of the following will further decrease blood volume 

a. Decreased glomerular filtration b. Increased ADH secretion 

c. Decreased arterial pressure in kidney 

d. Increased arterial pressure in kidney 

2. Volume of urine is regulated by 

a. Aldosterone 

b. Aldosterone, ADH and testosterone 

c. Aldosterone and ADH 

d. ADH alone 

3. Water reabsorption in the distal parts of kidney tubules is regulated by 

a. STH 

b. TSH 

c. ADH 

d. MSH 

4. Ultrafiltration takes place in 

a. Blood capillaries 

b. Tissue fluid 

c. Glomerulus 

d. Urinary bladder 

5. Maximum reabsorption of useful substances back into the blood from the filtrate in a nephron occurs in 

a. Proximal convoluted tubule 

b. Loop of Henle 

c. Distal convoluted tubule 

d. Collecting duct 

6. Filtration fraction is the ratio of 

a. O2 and CO2 

b. HCO3 and H2CO3 

c. GFR and RPF 

d. Hb and HbO2 

7. Separation of amino acid into amino and carboxyl group is known as 

a. Deamination 

b. Excretion 

c. Amination 

d. Egestion 

8. The glomerular filtrate contains 

a. Blood minus cells and proteins 

b. Blood minus cells 

c. Blood minus proteins 

d. Plasma minus cells and proteins 

9. Reabsorption of glucose from the glomerular filtrate in the kidney tubule is carried out by 

a. Active transport 

b. Osmosis 

c. Brownian movement 

d. Diffusion 

10. The glomerular filtration rate in a normal adult is nearly 

a. 200ml/minute 

b. 250ml/minute 

c. 125ml/minute 

d. 170ml/minute

Disorders of Excretory system

1. The yellow colour of urine of the vertebrates is due to 

a. Cholesterol 

b. Urochrome 

c. Uric acid 

d. Melanin 

2. A kidney stone is 

a. Blockage by fats 

b. Deposition of sand in kidney 

c. A salt such as oxalate crystallised in pelvis 

d. Blockage by proteins 

3. Presence of RBC in urine is known as 

a. Proteinuria 

b. Alkaptonuria 

c. Haematuria 

d. Urolithiasis 

4. An accessory excretory organ is: 

a. Heart 

b. Stomach 

c. Liver 

d. Spleen 

5. Presence of blood in urine is: 

a. Glycosuria 

b. Haematuria 

c. Oliguria 

d. Anuria 

6. Hippuric acid, creatinine and ketones are added to urine by: 

a. Glomerular filtration 

b. Tubular secretion 

c. Reabsorption 

d. Both 1 and 2 

7. Kidney stones are : 

a. Crystals of sodium chloride 

b. Crystals of silica 

c. Crystal of calcium oxalate 

d. Crystal of potassium chloride 

8. Haemodialysis is done in the condition when person is suffering from: 

a. Diabetes 

b. Uremia 

c. Anaemia 

d. Goitre 

9. Which one of the following is correct with reference to haemodialysis? 

a. Absorbs and resends excess of ions b. The dialysis unit has a coiled 

cellophane tube 

c. Blood is pumped back through a suitable artery after haemodialysis 

d. Nitrogenous wastes are removed by active transport 

10. A large quantity of fluid is filtered every day by the nephrons in the kidneys. Only about 1% of excreted as urine. The remaining 99% of the filtrate: 

a. is stored in the urinary bladder 

b. is reabsorbed into the blood 

c. gets collected into the renal pelvis 

d. is lost as sweat